Grand Canyon Crash of 1956 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Grand Canyon Crash of 1956 - Essay Example The agency was established to run a broad Air Traffic Control (ATC) system and to certify aircraft designs, airline training programs and maintenance. The Air Traffic Control (ATC) system is responsible for managing air traffic. It is run by the FAA with a twofold purpose: to maintain a safe separation of aircrafts flying over the US and to make aircraft traffic to move as efficiently as possible. The ATC is actually a good place in the airline industry to appreciate its systems-like structure. The ATC organizes all the flights in the country (therefore, implementing a centralized architecture for the industry) and was created based on the idea of a broad and nation-wide system of scheduled flights, which did not existed before. The ATC comprises four types of facilities: airport towers, terminal radars, en route centers and flight service stations. Airport towers look after planes while they taxi to and from runways and during take-off and landing. Terminal radars monitor flights during the climb and the descent phases of the flight. There are 236 of them in the US. The en route centers keep track of aircrafts while they are en route during the high-altitude cruise phase of the flights. Finally, flight service stations are information centers for pilots flying in and out of small cities and rural areas. A keyA key facility in overseeing the entire ATC system is the FAA's Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC), located in Herndon, VA. It looks for situations that might create bottlenecks and setups up management plans to control the traffic into and out the troubled sectors. The goal of such a plan is to keep traffic at the trouble spots manageable for the controllers. The importance of the ATCSCC becomes clear when one acknowledges that, on average, there are 900 daily flight delays of 15 minutes or more, which cost to the airlines and customers around $5 Billion USD a year. However, the ATC model is a centralized system architecture that many argue will not be able to cope with the saturation of the airspace and the increase in traffic delays that are expected to take place in the near future. The big challenge for the industry is the design and implementation of a distributed air-flight management system that could increase the throughput of the aviation system keeping the safety levels unchanged. This approach is called Free Flight and is currently being researched by the FAA and the aviation community. Free Flight is expected to improve significantly the efficiency of the National Airspace System. With Free Flight, pilots operating under Instrument Flight rules (IFR) will be able to select the aircraft's course, speed, and altitude in real time. Today, pilots define a flight plan with the ATC, prior to take-off and have to follow the route specified in that plan. Any deviation from that route must be pre-approved by ATC. With Free Flight, pilots will be able to change route, speed and altitude to achieve the desired results, notifying the ATC. Pilot's flexibility will mainly be restricted only to ensure separation and to prevent unauthorized entry into special use airspace. The Free Flight concept is based on two airspace zones, protected and alert, the sizes of which are based on the aircraft's speed, performance characteristics, and communications, navigation, and surveillance equipment. The protected zone, the one closest to the

Rates of reaction experiments Essay Example for Free

Rates of reaction experiments Essay I was planning to observe each reaction for 10 minutes and was able to do so because the reactions started getting slow after a while I had a few problems during my experiment. The size of the chips was not exactly the same, each group was made up of chips of approximately equal sizes and this is not exactly accurate. In stirring the experiment we had to be careful of stirring it evenly and not aggravating the reaction. The experiment could have been improved in various ways. Using beads of limestone can solve the problem of unequal size of particles. Using a magnetic stirrer can be used solve the problem of uneven stirring of reactants. The use of a more accurate scale helps in solving the problem of reading off measurements from the measuring cylinder. Drawing the curves of best fit was an accurate step I took. My graphs helped in proving my aim, A distinctive trend is shown in the graph as clearly show that small particles react faster than large particles. I was interested in this experiment when I first started. I was interested in seeing changes in the reactants at the end of the reaction. I was very satisfied when I found out that my predictions were correct. The effect of concentration on Rate of Reaction Aim In this experiment my aim is to find out whether rate of reaction increases when concentration in a reaction is increased. Word equation Sodium Thiosulphate + Hydrochloric Acid Sodium Chloride + Sulphur Oxide + Water + Sulphur Chemical formula Na2S203(aq) + 2HCl(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + SO2(g) + H2O(l) + S(s) This reaction usually produces a white precipitate, which is the Sulphur and a putrid smell, which is the sodium chloride. Two main factors are needed in this reaction for it to succeed. The first, being that the reactant particles must meet and collide. If no collisions take place then the reaction cannot happen. Secondly the reaction must have enough energy to form a product. The activation energy is the most minimum amount of energy that is needed for a product to be formed. Once the solution has become totally opaque the reaction is complete. This means all the reactant has been used up and the reaction is complete. We can see this if a piece of card with a cross on it is placed under the conical flask. Once the cross is completely obscured from vision, if looking through the conical flask to the bottom, the reaction has taken place. The time it takes for this to happen is measured as the rate of reaction. Purpose of this experiment The purpose of this experiment is to record how long it takes for the cross under the conical flask to disappear under different concentrations. We have chosen sodium thiosulphate to use in different concentrations from a range of 10 ml to 40 ml. I believe 4 concentrations will be a sufficient amount although more can be taken to further the investigation Apparatus needed for this experiment are: Conical Flask stopwatch White tile marked With X . Chemical needed for the experiment are: 1) Sodium thiosulphate 2) Water (distilled) 3) Hydrochloric Acid Fair test I will need to keep in order to get correct results and to do this I need to keep in mind a list of variables, which are: The temperature of apparatus should not change Try to control the surface area of the reaction Try and judge accurately when the X mark is disappearing Fixed amount of Sodium thiosulphate and water should be added Prediction I predict that when the concentration of the acid is raised, the rate of the reaction will increase. This is because, when the concentration of acid is higher, more acid particles are present in a given volume of the solution, therefore, more acid particles are available to collide with HCl particles. This consequently increases the chances of successful collisions (those resulting in a reaction) occurring. As the collision theory states, the more collisions that occur in a period of time, the faster the rate of the reaction. This is because the reaction only occurs when Hydrochloric acid and Sodium thiosulphate particles collide each other Safety. As safety is the number one priority in this experiment, many safety precautions were taken to make it as safe as possible   Goggles were worn to make sure that eyes were protected.   Hair and loose jewelry were tied up.   A safe distant was kept in case of any spillages.   Any spillages on clothes and skin were rinsed thoroughly immediately. Any spillages on work surfaces and on the floor were mopped up with a damp paper towel. As Sulphur Dioxide can appear to be a hazardous gas, windows and doors were opened to keep maximum ventilation in the room. Method 40 ml of Sodium thiosulphate should be poured in the flask Then 10 ml of HCl should be poured into another flask 10 ml of distilled water should be poured onto another flask Put a tile containing an X mark under the sodium thiosulphate flask Then mix all these 3 chemicals into one such as pour the 10 ml of water and 10 ml of HCl onto the flask containing sodium thiosulphate. As soon as the reaction starts put the stopwatch on After we saw the reaction between started forming white precipitate which made the X mark look dimmer and dimmer to finally no X mark. As soon as the X mark is not seeable stop the stopwatch and record the time Everytime we finish a reaction we had to use another flask Everytime we start another reaction the concentration of sodium thiosulphate we decrease it by 10 ml and increase water by 10 ml During the experiments the amount of |Hydrochloric acid always remains the same at 10 ml The steps are the same for every new reaction on this experiment whether if the concentration even changes Preliminary work Before conducting a real experiment I will do a Preliminary test to check whether the experiment will work out. I have used the same method as shown above and theses are the results I obtained Volume of sodium thiosulphate (ml) water (ml) Hydrochloric acid (ml) Time it takes for X to vanish 3secs Experiment diagram Results The table below shows the results of my real experiment. The experiment was done for 3 times to get the average time taken which can make it even more accurate Na2S2O3 (Ml) H2O (Ml) Volume of HCl (Ml) Trial 1 Time taken (Seconds) Trial 2 Time taken (Seconds) Trial 3. Time taken (Seconds) Average Time taken (Seconds) 40 ml 10 ml 10 ml   000 Conclusion After conducting my experiment and while looking at my results I feel that my predictions were true because I predicted that when the concentration is high the reaction will be fast compared to the reaction with less concentration and same in my result I saw when sodium thiosulphate is 40 ml and water is 10ml the reaction takes 48. 83 seconds but when water is at 40 ml and sodium thiosulphate is at 10 ml the reaction takes 194. 00 seconds Analysis As you can see from the results in the section before, the graphs and recordings clearly show that the concentration does affect the rate of the reaction. As the concentration increases, the rate of reaction speeds up as well. The following graphs clearly state that where the sodium thiosulphate was most dilute, and was at the concentration of 10ml, the rate of reaction took the longest on average and in every experiment taken. The graphs also show that the rate of reaction happened the quickest when the Na2S203 was at its highest concentration. As you can see in the graph, the graph takes a negative correlation in form. The rate of reaction time starts off highest because of the low concentration. As the reactant particles are further apart and there are more spectator ions present, getting in the way of the reaction. These ions do not take part in the reaction but can slow it down as the do act as an obstruction. This makes it very hard fro collisions to take place. This prevents the reaction from happening quickly and stops the product from forming quickly. As the concentration slowly increases, the number of spectator ions decreases in the same given volume, which in the experiment is 10cm3. This makes it more likely and easier for collisions to actually occur. This being as it is, it means that the reaction happens quicker and so the products are formed quicker as well. Even though the rates of reaction for the different concentrations were all very different, the cross on the card eventually disappeared in every experiment. The cross did not really disappear though. This is just a phrase used. What really happened was that the solid Sulphur that is formed as a precipitate of the reactions, shields our view and it is an opaque substance. The Sulphur is a milky yellow colour and can be seen when emptying out the contents of the conical flask. It sometimes can leave a residue on the inside of the flask. The rate of reaction also depends on how quickly all the Sulphur is formed as an end product. This can be dependent on the concentration as well. If there are more particles in a given volume there are going to be more atoms that need to bond to make the product. Aim My aim for this coursework is see whether rate of a chemical reaction is affected by the addition of a catalyst in the reaction How a catalyst works There are many ways in which we are able to speed up the rate of reactions. A catalyst can either increase or decrease the rate of reaction. A positive catalyst lowers activation energy. The particles, therefore, need less energy to react and the process proceeds more quickly. A negative catalyst (an inhibitor) slows down the rate of a chemical reaction by doing the exact opposite. However, it is important to realize that the catalyst itself does not take place in the reaction and it is, therefore, not used up in the reaction. Below is an energy diagram showing the presence of a catalyst. The graph shows the effect of a positive catalyst on the activation energy. When you use a catalyst, there is as much catalyst at the end of the reaction as there was at the beginning. The catalyst is used over and over again. As catalysts work so fast and are used again and again, it is only necessary to have small quantities of catalyst present to make a chemical reaction go faster. Solid catalysts work by providing a surface onto which the reactant particles can attach, react, rearrange and then leave. Catalysts work in a very similar way to increasing surface area, when it comes to the rate of reaction. Catalysts are no different. If you want a solid catalyst to be as effective as possible, it should have the largest surface area possible. By putting holes in the catalyst, it will have a large surface area and be more effective at catalyzing a particular reaction than if it was just a solid lump. Apparatus needed for the experiment Delivery Tubes Test Tubes Test tube clamp Stop watch Stand Chemicals used in the experiment A) Hydrogen Peroxide B) Potato Chippings Fair Test: Fair test must be kept in mind to promote accurate results. For this reason I had to keep: The same mass for the catalyst The temperature during the experiment shouldnt change Concentration should remain the same Prediction I can predict that when the catalyst will be added to the reaction the reaction will be quicker and faster because of the collision moving faster. I predicted this because when I learnt about catalyst the fist thing that was taught to me was that catalyst increase any kind of reactions Formula Hydrogen Peroxide water + Oxygen 2H2O2 (aq) H20( l ) + O2 ( g ) Method For this experiment the catalyst we will be using is Potato. And it will be cut into pieces of 1cm The method we done our experiment is show below: 1) First we need to set up all the apparatus we need during the experiment 2) Put Hydrogen Peroxide inside the test tube and add Potato chippings (catalyst) 3) Heat the te.

Joseph Conrads-Heart Of Darkness :: essays papers

Joseph Conrad's-Heart Of Darkness The Evil of Man In the novel Heart of Darkness, written by Joseph Conrad, Marlow finds himself in a position where he is faced to accept the fact that the man he has admired and looked up to is a madman. He realizes that Kurtz ¹s methods are not only unethical, but also inhumane. Marlow comes to realize that Kurtz is evil, and that he himself is also evil, thus Marlow ¹s disillusion makes his identification with Kurtz horrifying. As Marlow travels up the river, he is constantly preoccupied with Kurtz. Marlow says  ²I seemed to see Kurtz for the first time...the lone white man turning his back suddenly on the headquarters, on relief, on thoughts of home...towards his empty and desolate station ²(32). From the beginning of his trip, he is compared to Kurtz by all of the people that he comes into contact with, and a great deal of his thoughts are of Kurtz. He wonders how he will measure up to the standards that the company set for him, what Kurtz ¹s personality is like, and what Kurtz would think of him. The more obsessed he becomes with Kurtz, the more he sets himself up for the horrible reality of what his new idol was truly made of. Upon reaching Kurtz ¹s station, Marlow ¹s disillusion begins to set in. He is greeted by an English-speaking Russian whom he takes for a man who on the surface is deceant level-headed person, but after short conversation it is apparent to Marlow that he is talking with a disturbed individual, but that was not what bothered Marlow. Hearing of and seeing the acts committed by Kurtz made Marlow uneasy, and even afraid. It was at this point that Marlow begins his denial of any affinity he feels with Kurtz. He says in regard to the Russian  ³I suppose that it had not occurred to him that Mr. Kurtz was no idol of mine ²(59). Marlow sees all of the atrocities committed by Kurtz, and is appalled, but when he looks deep with inside himself he sees what he could easily become, and he desperately wants to suppress it. Once Kurtz is on the boat, and headed with Marlow back to civilization, things take a strange turn. Though Marlow and Kurtz have little to talk about, they develop a distinct respect for each other. As Kurtz dies, Marlow accepts this death easily and remains loyal to

Should Marijuana Be Legalized-Canada

For Many years there have been debates on the possibilities of legalizing marijuana. There are many different opinions on this touchy subject. The opinion many have on marijuana being legalized in Canada would be a lawful act. The fact that marijuana is not as harmful as alcohol and other legal drugs would make it acceptable, and how taxing marijuana would bring in more money to Canada’s government. Also legalizing marijuana would free up police and court recourses, to fight against more serious crimes, and also how marijuana is a gateway drug is a false implication.The drug marijuana in general, is not more harmful than alcohol or other legal drugs such as tobacco (If used in moderation). Many people assume that marijuana was made illegal through some kind of process involving scientific, medical, and government hearings; that it was to protect the citizens from were determined to be a dangerous drug. But in reality it is not a dangerous drug, marijuana is no harmful than alc ohol or tobacco. To get to this conclusion has taken many tests and research. Studies have found that 69. 1% of marijuana users are from age 12-17 years old. Only 9% out of that category ecome dependent with the drug (meaning they become addicted to that substance and need it). By contrast, 15% of alcohol users and 32% of tobacco users become dependant[1].There were over than 800,000 arrests in Canada in 2008 for marijuana use and possession. We force them to go to rehab and then use those statistics to show how marijuana is dangerous and addictive. Over one third of those in treatment for marijuana â€Å"abuse† or was â€Å"dependant† did not use marijuana at all in the month period prior to admission, and more than half used it three times or less[2]. Would you call someone who rank three beers in a month an alcoholic? Like any substance marijuana can be abused, but it is impossible to overdose on. The most common problem associated with marijuana abuse is lethargic behavior, but does not cause serious health or social concerns.Overuse of alcohol will result in an inability to walk, stand, or even death, whereas overuse of marijuana will simply put a person to sleep. 40% of all fatal car accidents are caused by alcohol while no car accidents ever have been directly caused by marijuana[3]. Alcohol induces violent behavior and is often attributed to wife beating and ther violent behaviors. Someone under the influence of alcohol will experience fits if rage which has often led to their own demise or the death of others, while someone who got high from marijuana will stroll around pleasantly with a smile on their face in search of the nearest McDonald’s. It is as the iconoclast Bob Marley once said, â€Å"Herb is the healing of the nation, alcohol is the destruction†[4]. Cigarettes are another legal substance that is far more dangerous than marijuana. Smoking cigarettes is the leading cause of lung cancer in America.Tobacco cigarettes are filled with harmful chemicals uch as nicotine, rat poison, formaldehyde, ammonia, and arsenic. Both cigarettes and alcohol are immensely addictive phenomenon’s that lead to very serious health problems, predominantly cancer, and ultimately death. Marijuana is considered by many to be a dangerous substance but in reality many of our legal drugs are far more portentous. The studies of marijuana are still yet inconclusive and contradictory. But still, many doctors would agree that marijuana is not harmful if used in moderation. Dr. Hamilton is a specialist in drugs such as marijuana at the Institution of Medicine; he says â€Å"Comparing arijuana to alcohol is like comparing one apple to another apple†[5]. One apple is not different from another apple, meaning that marijuana should not be different from alcohol.Being told this from a specialist in drug’s you would think it is acceptable to legalize marijuana. Problems only accrue when you abuse the drug, but i s the abuse of almost any substance a problem? If you abuse alcohol, caffeine, cigarettes, or even food, health problems are sure to follow. This follows along the same path as marijuana. There is very little evidence that smoking marijuana as a means of taking it epresents a significant health risk. Although marijuana has been smoked widely over Canada for more than four decades, there have been no reported cases of lung cancer or emphysema attributed to marijuana. Many would suspect and believe that a days breathing in any city with poor air quality poses more of a threat than inhaling a days dose of marijuana. Most doctors would believe that marijuana is no more addictive than alcohol or tobacco. But even if the drug is shown to be harmful, is it not the right to every person to choose what harms him or her?Marijuana use is generally thought of as a â€Å"victimless crime†, in that only the user is being harmed. You can not legislate morality when people disagree about wha t is considered â€Å"moral. † Legalizing marijuana can also be a new source of additional tax revenues. Billions of dollars each year of tax’s come from alcohol and tobacco. Research from Jeffrey Miron, an economic professor at Harvard University says that the Canadian Government would be saving 7. 7 billion dollars a year if it did not have to spend money on policing and prosecuting marijuana activity. Then if the Canadian government legalized marijuana nd taxed it at a rate comparable to cigarettes and alcohol, another 6. 2 billion dollars would be collected by the government[6]. This is a huge amount of money raised threw government taxation. The legalization of marijuana would create another item that could be taxed.The government would have no problem spending all that extra money. Seeing how the war on drugs is an expensive battle, why would the not legalize marijuana and tax it? John Berick is from the liberal party and he says â€Å"it is an opportunity for u s to legalize marijuana and gain money from the taxation of it to help our current economic ituation†[7]. This quote proves that taxing marijuana would be a smart idea for the government; it would bring in more money to go towards helping our current economic situation. The government would be saving there time and money from trying to win a battle that can not be won on the street’s and in the end, legalizing marijuana would be free money to them. From further research, the government is spending about 7. 7 billion dollars a year on capturing the users and dealers. A great deal of expenses goes into catching them, prosecuting them in court, and housing them in jail. In common sense, it ould seem to make sense for the government to legalize marijuana and tax it.Legalizing marijuana would free up police and court recourses to fight more serious crimes. Many consider the war on drugs an expensive failure. Recourses for DEA, FBI, and border security are only the tip of the iceberg. You must add in the cost of police officers, judges, public defenders, prosecutors, prison guards, and so on. Officer Micelle Howard from the Victoria, BC police department (department number 468) says that â€Å"We spend to much time everyday fighting against this drug (marijuana), I would ather be out fighting against a more serious unlawful act†[8]. This quote proves that the people who fight against this drug feel the same way. Legalizing marijuana would free up those people to concentrate on more important things like terrorism, harder drugs, rape, murder, and so on. In addition, an already overloaded civil court would be improved.Leading into time being eliminated to help and fight more serious court cases. But sometimes with the police force when it comes to street control, there is no police to call or lawyers to higher if you get stiffed or screwed over in a drug deal. Meaning you re left to settle the dispute by yourself, often leading into cycles of retal iatory violence. Legalizing marijuana would save time and money, also settle disputes properly. Many people also believe that marijuana is a gateway drug and will lead into other more dangerous drugs. It’s true that most people who do hard drugs didn’t immediately start out snorting cocaine or shooting heroin, but smoking marijuana every now and then does not condemn you to be some cracked out heroin feign. As it stands right now only a small portion of semi smokers go on to harder drugs and I’m sure that number will go own if marijuana is legalized.If kids could run down the street and pick up some marijuana their interest in other drugs would be diminished. The only way that marijuana could be considered a gateway drug is if it is sold alongside hard drugs. True some marijuana dealers sell harder stuff but legalizing marijuana completely negates that argument. If marijuana were legal there would be no need for side street dealers who might have hard drugs on t hem, it could be sold in any convenience store across the country. Many would say for a fact that teenagers would much rather get high legally han break the law to do so. The problem is legal highs are not readily available, the closest you can get is with cigarettes which not only taste disgusting but are extremely deleterious to your health and the health of others. Implying that smoking weed always leads to harder drugs is like saying that anyone who has ever stolen something will go on to armed piracy of oil tankers. People who steal probably did steal in their youth but that does not mean everyone who steals will end up like them. There is only scant evidence that marijuana produces physical dependence and withdrawal in humans.When human subjects were administered daily oral doses of 180-210 mg of THC – the equivalent of 15-20 joints per day – abrupt cessation produced adverse symptoms, including disturbed sleep, restlessness, nausea, decreased appetite, and sweat ing. The authors interpreted these symptoms as evidence of physical dependence. However, they noted the syndrome's relatively mild nature and remained skeptical of its occurrence when marijuana is consumed in usual doses and situations. Indeed, when humans are allowed to control consumption, even high doses are not followed by adverse withdrawal ymptoms. Signs of withdrawal have been created in laboratory animals following the administration of very high doses.Recently, at a NIDA-sponsored conference, a researcher described unpublished observations involving rats pretreated with THC and then dosed with a cannabinoid receptor-blocker. Not surprisingly, this provoked sudden withdrawal, by stripping receptors of the drug. This finding has no relevance to human users who, upon ceasing use, experience a very gradual removal of THC from receptors. The most avid publicizers of marijuana's addictive nature are treatment providers who, in ecent years, have increasingly admitted insured marij uana users to their programs. 65 The increasing use of drug-detection technologies in the workplace, schools and elsewhere has also produced a group of marijuana users who identify themselves as â€Å"addicts† in order to receive treatment instead of punishment. The Myth; Marijuana is a â€Å"Gateway† to the use of other drugs . Advocates of marijuana prohibition claim that even if marijuana itself causes minimal harm, it is a dangerous substance because it leads to the use of â€Å"harder drugs† such as heroin, LSD, and cocaine.The Fact, Most users of heroin, LSD and cocaine have used marijuana. However, most marijuana users never use another illegal drug. Over time, there has been no consistent relationship between the use patterns of various drugs. As marijuana use increased in the 1960s and 1970s, heroin use declined. And, when marijuana use declined in the 1980s, heroin use remained fairly stable; Marijuana as a gateway drug is a false implication and canno t be used in a serious discussion about legalizing marijuana. Many people also insinuate that marijuana leads people to a life of crime.The only way to test this theory is to study the results when pot is legal. Amsterdam, where marijuana is legal, has a lower crime rate than any major U. S. city. I think that soundly disproves that theory and clearly shows that smoking marijuana is not a gateway to anything illegal[9]. Through these subjects of explaining why legalizing marijuana would be acceptable, should change you outlook on legalizing marijuana. Marijuana is no harmful than alcohol nor tobacco, 47% of alcohol and tobacco users become independent, with marijuana only 9% become dependant; and taxing marijuana would bring in over 14 illion dollars into the government (from saving 7. 7 billion dollars in fighting against it, and gaining 6. 2 billion dollars in taxing it). Also legalizing marijuana would help officers to fight against more serious crimes (not spending half their da y tracking marijuana users and addicts).And finally how marijuana is a gateway drug, these are all subject that the people protecting marijuana from being legal use to persuade our minds. Legalizing marijuana would be an acceptable idea; from tests and research this statement is true. There are far more serious crimes to be worried about than a â€Å"victimless crime† uch as marijuana.Bibliography Books: John A. Benson, Stanley J. Watson, and Janet E. Joy, eds. , Marijuana and Medicine: Assessment of the Science Base. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1999. Alan Bock, Waiting to Inhale: The Politics of Medical Marijuana. Santa Ana, CA: Seven Locks Press, 2000. Richard J. Bonnie, and Charles H. Whitehead II, Marijuana Conviction: History of Marijuana Prohibition. New York: Open Society Institute, 1999. Elizabeth Russell and Beth Connolly, Through a Glass Darkly: The Psychological Effects of Marijuana and Hashish†¦.

Impact of Advertising on Children

RESEARCH PARADIGM – According to (Bell, 2007) â€Å"paradigm is a cluster of beliefs and dictate which for scientists in a particular discipline influence what should be studied, how research should be done, and how results should be interpreted†. The definition points up that a paradigm is a collection of reasonable hypothesis, notion or intention that how the research should be studied, done and interpreted.The theoretical paradigms are basically based on two main approaches; Positivist approach also referred as ‘scientific process' or ‘postpositivist' or ‘scientific study, is based on rationalistic beliefs (Mertens, 2005) . Positivist approach is Inductive with results that are qualitative in nature (O'Leary, 2004). And, Interpretivist approach which is also referred as ‘constructivist' or ‘phenomenological' paradigm (Mertens, 2005). Creswell, 2003) explains that in Interpretivist/ phenomenological approach the researcher relies upon the partakers outlook of the situation being calculated and familiarizes with the impact of the study on his/ her personal surroundings and knowledge. Phenomenological approach results are most likely to be qualitative in nature or it can be a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The research will develop the use of phenomenological approach and not positivism approach.To address the variety and density of such research aim both qualitative and quantitative methods are necessary as this will provide our research the appropriate understanding of how the entertainment advertisement affects the culture of the youth of U. A. E. The aim of the research is to identify how does the entertainment advertisement impact the culture of the youth in U. A. E. The research's results will be based on theory testing or deductive method where available evidence of the authors and researchers will be taken into consideration to achieve the aim of our research.REFERENCES Bell, A. B. ( 2007). Business Research Methods(Revised Edition). New York: Oxford University Press. Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. California: Sage Publications, Inc. Mertens, D. M. (2005). Research Methods in Education And Philosophy: Intergrating Diversity With Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches (Vol. 2nd Edition). California: Thousand Oaks: Sage. O'Leary, Z. (2004). The Essential Guide To Doing Research. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Impact of Advertising on Children RESEARCH PARADIGM – According to (Bell, 2007) â€Å"paradigm is a cluster of beliefs and dictate which for scientists in a particular discipline influence what should be studied, how research should be done, and how results should be interpreted†. The definition points up that a paradigm is a collection of reasonable hypothesis, notion or intention that how the research should be studied, done and interpreted.The theoretical paradigms are basically based on two main approaches; Positivist approach also referred as ‘scientific process' or ‘postpositivist' or ‘scientific study, is based on rationalistic beliefs (Mertens, 2005) . Positivist approach is Inductive with results that are qualitative in nature (O'Leary, 2004). And, Interpretivist approach which is also referred as ‘constructivist' or ‘phenomenological' paradigm (Mertens, 2005). Creswell, 2003) explains that in Interpretivist/ phenomenological approach the researcher relies upon the partakers outlook of the situation being calculated and familiarizes with the impact of the study on his/ her personal surroundings and knowledge. Phenomenological approach results are most likely to be qualitative in nature or it can be a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The research will develop the use of phenomenological approach and not positivism approach.To address the variety and density of such research aim both qualitative and quantitative methods are necessary as this will provide our research the appropriate understanding of how the entertainment advertisement affects the culture of the youth of U. A. E. The aim of the research is to identify how does the entertainment advertisement impact the culture of the youth in U. A. E. The research's results will be based on theory testing or deductive method where available evidence of the authors and researchers will be taken into consideration to achieve the aim of our research.REFERENCES Bell, A. B. ( 2007). Business Research Methods(Revised Edition). New York: Oxford University Press. Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. California: Sage Publications, Inc. Mertens, D. M. (2005). Research Methods in Education And Philosophy: Intergrating Diversity With Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches (Vol. 2nd Edition). California: Thousand Oaks: Sage. O'Leary, Z. (2004). The Essential Guide To Doing Research. London: Sage Publications Ltd.

Harnn and Thann Marketing Plan

Harnn and Thann Marketing Plan Free Online Research Papers EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The objectives of the report is to analyze the German natural home spa product market based on the previous Socio-cultural analysis and Economic analysis in order to devise marketing plan for Harnn and Thann. This report describes the detail plan for Harnn and Thann’s premium products that will penetrate to German market. To start with Market Audit, it is important to understand our own company’s strengths and competencies as well as the foreign market needs. An absolute research is required for Harnn and Thann’s aggressive advantage and the major problems as well as resistances that might challenge their product acceptance. The competitors’ analysis which is mentioning in this report, are L’Occitane of France, Crabtree and Evelyn of US, Aveda of US, Molton Brown of the United Kingdom Another part is the preliminary marketing plan which consist of Marketing objectives, the types of promotional mix, the distribution mode and distribution channels which fit to German market. In this section also mention about price determination, term of sale and methods of payment which will be used in this case and finally we provide the Pro forma financial statement and budgets and analysis of resource requirements. With the successful research and marketing plan is resulting in company’s achievement in its goal and ability to expand its business with broaden opportunities in Germany. A. PART ONE – MARKET AUDIT AND COMPETITIVE MARKET ANALYSIS I. Introduction The purpose of this paper is to do marketing plan for retail and wholesale Harnn and Thann natural home spa products, natural skin care, unique aromatherapy products and gift sets in Germany. Since Harnn and Thann, a young energetic Thai company, has a plan to expand their business to Germany by setting up their outlets and distribute the products to local distributors. Based on the result of Socio-cultural and economic analysis, today, Germany has an undeniable potential market and opportunities becoming available in the beauty, wellness and health therapy sector which has the reputation as one of the most comprehensive spa cultures in Europe.(Spa: Sanus per Aquam an Old Roman Cure, n.d.).(13) In other word, Harnn and Thann are convinced that Germany is the next treasure for them to spread out their premium products and verifying their reliable name in EU market after their previously disclosure in few countries in EU. However, the marketing strategies to be used in German market i s crucial and thus, the research need to be done carefully by analyzing market audit and marketing plan based on provided socio-cultural analysis and economic analysis in assignment one and two respectively. II. The Products Harnn and Thann aromatherapy products which uses natural ingredients. 2.1 Perceived Product Innovation 2.1.1 Relative Advantage i. Harnn natural plant extracts are active ingredients which can counter stress and allows you to exile yourself from the urban environment and way of life. These traditional extracts/ medication have been proven by scientifically. Harnn natural plant extracts in hair and body care products nourish, clean, soothe and also protects the natural balance of ones skin and hair. ii. Harnn natural spa products improve circulations and stimulates ones senses when used with traditional massage techniques. iii. Harnn home fragranced products and other similar accessories create a different environment within ones home. Such products come in different dynamic colors, shapes, textures and fragrances which craft a relaxing and a pleasant environment. (Harnn, 2008) iv. Thann products concentrate more towards using plant extracts to develop natural aromatherapy products. (Thann, 2008) 2.1.2 Compatibility Harnn and Thann products are made from natural plant extracts and work towards creating a more natural environment through their diverse and dynamic characteristics of their products. According to International Social Survey Program, the data shows that there has been increased spending on the environment in countries like Germany. This shows great compatibility between Harnn and Thann’s product theme and the objectives of creating a â€Å"greener† and natural environment in Germany. (Skrentny, 1993) 2.1.3 Complexity Harnn and Thann products are easy to use without complicated packaging. The layout makes Harnn and Thann’s products more appealing yet simple. 2.1.4 Trialability Harnn and Thann aromatherapy products when on display in stores create a closer bond between customers and the product. It allows customers to choose which smell of their preference. 2.1.5 Observability Its appealing yet simple packaging creates a competitive advantage over other spa products. 2.2 Problems and Resistances to product acceptance German consumers prefer to use its country’s products rather than foreign products. Studies have shown that most youth, the more educated, and consumers who are more familiar with the products would be more willing to try out foreign products. However, a big factor that can cause product acceptance in Germany is consumer nationalism. For example, Japanese cars are more favored over American cars by Americans. However, because of consumer nationalism, in Germany, German made cars are rated higher over Japanese cars. (Papadopoulos Heslop, 1992) Harnn and Thann could face product acceptance due to such factors. However, Thai spa products have created a good reputation around the world for its traditional and natural approach. Harnn and Thann has expanded it stores into countries like Australia, Canada, Cyprus, Finland, France, Guam, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Estonia, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam and Ukraine. Its expansion into Europe especially, shows the company’s growth and success. In the period from 1996 to 2006, the number of wealthy people earning more than 200 percent of the average income level went from 6.4 to 9.2 percent and the number of poor earning less than 50 percent of the average increased from 7.3 to 11.4 percent. (Germanys Middle Class Shrinking Fast, Study Says, 2008) This tells us that the average income levels have been rising. With increased incomes come increased spending, therefore we look at opportunities where Germans can spend more on luxury products and other wants. 2.3 SWOT Analysis a. Strengths ? Thailand is one of an undeniable world renowned destination spa. ? An excellent reputation which considered #1 in Asia. ? Natural, organic, and non-animal tested ingredients ? Rich powerful mother company – No franchises ? EU accepted as it is already disclosed in some EU countries. ? Romantic and relaxing image with huge product range ? Premium product with high affordability. b. Weaknesses ? Low brand awareness ? Harnn and Thann has no experience in Germany especially, high challenges with local competitors who are already well established. Therefore Harnn and Thann probably have to face some problems initially. ? Young company which has established in 1999 for Harnn and in 2002 for Thann. ? There are a lot of gaps to fill in terms of Research Development in EU. c. Opportunities ? Boosting confidence of consumer by falling unemployment rates and rising GDP ? Germany has one of the most comprehensive spa cultures in Europe ? Booming demand of skin care products by aging population ? Market development space d. Threats ? Strong competitors ? Adapting to the culture differences Tendency of male caring about appearance Tendency of free time activities ? Culture differences III. The Market 3.1 Market in which the product is to be sold 3.1.1 Geographical Region i. Spas are very popular in Germany and have been around since Harnn and Thann will look at opening in three major towns/ cities where it can reach its target market easier in Germany. ? Aachen is a town on the west of Germany bordering with Belgium and Netherlands. This spa town offers many historic sites and hosts many annual cultural events and festivals. Aachen is an ideal place to get away and spend a good few days to relax and get away from the city life. One can drive or take a train to Aachen. Aachen is a major hub for the European trains. Trains connect to cities like Cologne, Brussels, and Herleen. (Hartley, n.d.) Harnn and Thann will benefit from such a town because it makes it easier to reach its target market. Aachen being a tourist destination will allow Harnn and Thann to sell its products to hotels and spas. ? Munich is a vibrant city south of Germany. This city attracts a lot of tourists from all around the world. Opening Harnn and Thann retail outlets in malls will allow consumers to bring a natural and a relaxed environment to their homes in comparison to the fast moving city life. Munich offers travelers the choice from its international airport, underground railways, suburb trains, trams and buses. ? Baden-Baden is situated at the foot of the Black Forest. This is another relaxed tourist destination with a number parks and gardens. It is a small town which is easy to get to either by air or train. (Baden-Baden, n.d.) Sale of Harnn and Thann products can be sold to hotels and spas in this small tourist destination once again reaching out easier to its target market. 3.1.2 Consumer buying habits The idea of Germans loving spas is to relax. There are a lot of spa towns and holiday destinations in Germany. Due to the trend of turning more environmental, consumers are more conscious about the environment and prefer more environmental friendly products. However, research has shown the buying trends of foreign products to be less attractive to Germans. (Papadopoulos Heslop, 1992) 3.1.3 Distribution of the product Distribute to retail outlets at shopping malls, hotel retail store and direct selling and distribution as accessories for hotels and spas. 3.1.4 Advertising and Promotion 3.1.4.1 Media Used Advertise in Magazines like Elle, GQ, Marie Claire to promote Harnn and Thann natural spa products (promote here only because we want to reach a niche market rather than target a mass audience. Another media used is through brochures placed at information desks of shopping malls. 3.1.4.2 Sales Promotions Registered members of Harnn and Thann are given product discounts up to 15 percent retail outlets/stores, and discount coupons to established spas. 3.1.5 Pricing Strategy In the period from 1996 to 2006, the number of wealthy people earning more than 200 percent of the average income level went from 6.4 to 9.2 percent and the number of poor earning less than 50 percent of the average increased from 7.3 to 11.4 percent. (Germanys Middle Class Shrinking Fast, Study Says, 2008) Even though we see an increasing rate of average income, entering the reserved German market as a foreign product is difficult. Germans are less price sensitive due to their high incomes but are more hesitant and reluctant to buy imported products. Therefore, our prices should be positioned well for the middle income earners yet still delivering quality aromatic natural spa products. Harnn and Thann’s pricing objective is to offer rising income earners a taste of luxury and comfort. 3.2 Compare and Contrast your product and competition product(s) 3.2.1 Competitor’s product(s) 3.2.1.1 Brand name 3.2.1.2 B. PART TWO – PRELIMINARY MARKETING PLAN I. Marketing Plan Enter the German market and create awareness of Harnn and Thann aromatherapy natural home spa products. 1.1 Marketing Objectives To gain spontaneous consumer awareness to 20 percent of the target market within one year and to communicate that Harnn and Thann is the only one that provides a sense of authentic home Thai products for better physical health and natural radiance. 1.1.1 Product Objectives i. To offer the German market a sense of authentic home Thai products for better physical health and natural radiance. ii. To exploit a holiday destination in Germany as a market for authentic Spa products from Harnn and Thann, a product of Thailand that is well renowned for its traditional spa products. iii. To create awareness of Harnn and Thann spa products, in a holiday destination in Germany. 1.1.2 Selling Objectives i. Gain spontaneous brand awareness of 20 percent of the target market within the first year upon entry. ii. Gain a market share of 5 percent within the first 6 months upon entry. 1.2 Product adaptation or modification Core Component The design will not change according to German culture since we are emphasizing on the Thai traditional natural spa products. Packaging Packaging will differ from products; however we would emphasize on products like for example natural hair products will come in different sizes like in bottles of 50ml or 100ml. Labeling and text used will be inscribed in German. As for products sold for hotels and spas, bundled packaging will be employed. 1.3 Promotional Mix (personal selling, advertising, publicity, and sales promotion) A. Advertising i. Objectives Gain spontaneous brand awareness of 20 percent of the target market within the first year upon entry. ii. Media Mix Print media- Magazines like Elle, GQ and Marie Claire Brochures We use magazines and brochures only due to cost factors. In addition, magazines such as Elle already have a certain group of people who read it, therefore making it more effective for Harnn and Thann to reach its target market. iii. Message Take your body, mind and soul closer to nature with Harnn and Thann’s aroma therapeutic natural home spa products. iv. Sales Promotions Registered members of Harnn and Thann are given product discounts up to 15 percent retail outlets/stores, and discount coupons to established spas. PEST Analysis ? Political (and legal) forces i. Stable political environment ii. Reduce the Trade Restrictions ? Economic forces i. The German economy has been improving since early 2006. ii. Both GDP and consumer spending have increased to +2.7% and + 1.8% respectively. iii. Positive changes in the economy in 2009. ? Sociocultural forces i. Nuclear family, high family income, 66% middle age population ? Technological forces i. Germany has 50.4 million internet users. ii. Ranked 4th of the World’s internet users 1.4 Distribution 1.4.1 Mode selection Harnn and Thann choose Multi-distribution mode like air freight, ocean freight and road transport for their product distribution. The company plan to distribute the products to retailer or distributors by Air freight via Dubai (DXB). (Airfreight, n.d.) (10) By choosing this option helps the company to distribute their products on time. On the other hand, as for distribution to their 3 outlets in Aachen, Baden-Baden and Munich Harnn and Thann use Ocean freight which categorize in Less- than- container loads. It is the ideal solution for smaller shipments as it is more suitable for larger quantity and time constraints is not crucial. Furthermore Harnn and Thann can use road transport to distribute their products to their distributors in other major city. (Ocean freight, n.d.) (9) 1.4.2 Port selection Harnn and Thann ship their products from Lat Krabang port to the port of Hamburg which is Germany’s biggest seaport, and Europe’s second largest, turning over almost 6.1 million TEU standard containers in 2003. (The Largest Ports, n.d.) (11) The port of Hamburg handles 28 percent of all container traffic in Northern Europe. (Germany: Europe’s Logistics Hub, 2005) (12) 1.4.3 Freight forwarding Harnn and Thann choose Maersk Logistics Thailand as a freight forwarder since Maersk Logistics is one of a recognized and leader of international logistics companies with an excellent wide range services. Moreover, the forwarder will handle all documentations needed to meet the export customs and destination requirements such as Bill of lading, and all shipping documents. Maersk Logistics will also help in arranging warehouse storage and distributions as well as insurance claim if required (Value added services, n.d.) (14) 1.5 Channels of Distribution (Micro analysis) 1. Retailers a. Type and Number of retail stores b. Retail Markup for products in each type of retail store c. Method of operation for each type (cash/ credit) d. Scale of operation for each type (small/large) 2. Wholesale middlemen a. Type and number of wholesale middlemen b. Markup for class of products by each type c. Methods of operation for each type (cash/ credit d. Scale of operation (small/large) 3. Import/ export agent 4. Warehousing a. Type b. Location A. Retail Distribution Harnn and Thann will open in three outlets in Germany, one outlet in each city/town Aachen, Munich, and Baden-Baden. When the products have arrived at the airport, a delivery truck will transport the products to the retail stores. There will be no middleman in terms of warehousing. A trucking company will be picked after a bidding session to transport the products. 1.6 Price determination Price of Harnn and Thann’s products for exporting to Germany need to be calculated in detail as when it comes to international business, it is not only the cost of raw material, but it also has additional costs that need to be included such as cost of shipment, cost of transportation, Insurance costs, all handling expenses as well as custom duties, Import taxes and VAT etc. Moreover, the company needs to ensure that the products’ margins are decent and hence price will be set according to the level of market segment. 1.7 Terms of sale In term of sale, Harnn and Thann use Cost, Insurance and Freight or the so called CIF which has an agreement that the cargo insurance and delivery of goods to the named port of destination (discharge) at the sellers expense. On the other hand, buyer will handle for the import customs clearance and other costs and risks of loss and damage. ( bmishipping.com/inco.html). This method has selected as the Head Quarter (Thailand) needs to ensure that retailer or distributors will pay the expenses and the especially, to make sure that the products are not spoiled by the time it is delivered to distributors’ hand. 1.8 Methods of payment Since Harnn and Thann has a plan to open outlets in Germany as well as distribution the products to suppliers or distributors, the method of payment will be done through Letter of credit (L/C) or Cash in Advance for those distributors which the commodities will be delivered once the payment have made and documents are completed. These modes of payment will help in reducing the risk of nonpayment due to the Bank guarantees. As for the outlets’ operation, Cash and Credit Cards will be used as modes of payment. II. Pro forma financial statements and budgets 2.1 Marketing budget 1. Selling expense 2. Advertising/ promotion expense 3. Distribution expense 4. Product cost 5. Other costs III. Resource requirements 3.1 Finances The financial resources of Harnn and Thann outlets in Germany in the first few years will be received from its Head Quarter in Thailand. After that, each of those outlets will be operated financially by its own profit. 3.2 Personnel Personnel resource is one of the most important resources requirements. In each outlet should consist of Outlet manager, Sale and Marketing Department, Administration and HRM department and operation teams with majority are local people in order to save cost and avoid challenges in hiring foreign staffs as well as language barrier as German language is used throughout the country. Thus, the total personnel should be up to 60 initially. 3.3 Production capacity Since Harnn and Thann use all the raw material and ingredients from its own mother company with a factory in Thailand, the production capacity is very challenging for them. However, the company is well prepared by forecasting the market demand and ensures that their production capacity is able to support high volume of products’ order. V. Conclusion According to Chin (2006) over 2500 people worldwide have already been chipped, with floodgates potentially about to open. While there is no doubt about the benefits for society and commerce in general this product is revolutionary and requires a significant cultural shift in South Africa to gain acceptance. This paper has performed a market audit and preliminary marketing plan drawing on the findings of socio-cultural and economic analysis completed in the previous assignment. We have taken the facts presented in the analysis identified problems and suggested solutions on how to address them. Ultimately we have identified the market and document how to go forward with introducing the product to the South African market once certain socio-cultural barriers are deemed to have been removed. Through this market audit and marketing plan, Blackberry is able to formulate well preparation strategies before implementing the real operational of sales and marketing subsidiary in Singapore based on the economical and socio-cultural analysis (summary in appendix 12 and appendix 13). During the first year, the marketing will focus on attracting people attentions and awareness; encourage trial or interest of the Blackberry brand by several marketing methods. In addition, the next years will be focusing on increasing the desire and purchasing that pilot the rises’ number of sales and profit. Therefore, eventually Blackberry is capable to be the smart-phone leader in Singapore, and in the same time embraces the Southeast Asia market. The scope for growth in the German leather industry is high. Tata international have to adopt the marketing strategies recommended to differentiate them from its competitors in international market. These marketing Mix strategies are to be followed to attain high relative market share and for the growth of the company. They should keep themselves aware of their competitors move and should react quickly to their actions. Should develop a good recognition to them in market and should rise to a leading leather exporting company in Germany. VI. References 1. german-business-partners.com/index.php?id=home 2. industry-park.de/eng/index.html 3. germany-tourism.de/ENG/nature_active_recreation/spa_vacation.htm 9. maersklogistics.com/sw35555.asp 10. maersklogistics.com/sw34805.asp 11. nordcapital.com/main/nca/en/impressionen/largest_ports.jsp 12. kompetenzcluster.org/fileadmin/vdidaten/Logistik/Fakten/Germany-Logistics-Hub.pdf 13. howtogermany.com/pages/spas.html 14. maersklogistics.com/sw34806.asp 15. Reference 1. Skrentny, J. D. (1993). Concern for the environment: A cross-national perspective. International Journal of Public Opinion Research. Extracted 26 June 2008. From: http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/5/4/335 2. Papadopoulos Heslop (1992) Product Country Images: Impact and Role in International Marketing. Extracted 25 June 2008. From: http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=z8PE4zEFSGkCpg=PA96lpg=PA96dq=foreign+product+acceptance+in+germanysource=webots=9zIXIpm4G6sig=uwW47zKnoPK4U2O26jJhNRZG1VMhl=ensa=Xoi=book_resultresnum=1ct=result#PPA96,M1 3. DW World (2008) Germanys Middle Class Shrinking Fast, Study Says. Extracted 26 June 2008. From: dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,3311197,00.html 4. Hartley, M. (2008) Aachen Travel Guide – An Introduction to Aachen, Germany. Extracted 25 June 2008. From: http://gogermany.about.com/od/greatdestinations/p/Aachen.htm 5. Munich (2008) Munich Germany. Extracted 23 June 2008. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munich 6. Wikitravel (2008) Baden-Baden. Extracted 27 June 2008. From: http://wikitravel.org/en/Baden-Baden 7. The World Fact Book. (2008) Germany. Retrieved on June 14, 2008 from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gm.html 8. Worldbank (2008) The World Bank, Key Development Data Statistics – Germany. Extracted 27 June 2008. From: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:20535285~menuPK:1192694~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html 9. Harnn (2008) Harnn Story. Extracted 27 June 2008. From: harnn.com/store_location.php?zone=thai 10. Thann (2008) Corporate Philosophy. Extracted 27 June 2008. From: thann.info/ The political stability assured the distribution preferences in Singapore. Moreover, the government plays a major role in deciding and implementing economic development, which it is excellent. Blackberry will do direct export, which is the manufacturer undertakes the exporting rather than delegating the task to other agent distribution (Fletcher Brown, 2005). Direct distribution is done through blackberry web-store at www.shopblackberry.com. The customer who buy online may subscribe the solution from those three providers. However, with setting up the subsidiary office, either corporate or individual customer can directly contact the office to get information and purchase the products instead of buying online. They can subscribe the e-solution separately after the purchasing. For the retailer partner in Singapore who interested in selling blackberry product can directly contact the Singapore’s subsidiary office to make an order. After that, BlackBerry in Singapore will send the products ordered from manufacturer in Canada to blackberry’s warehouse in Singapore. After that the devices are checked, the retailer may collect it from the office or directly from the warehouse Research Papers on Harnn and Thann Marketing PlanAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductDefinition of Export QuotasPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Incorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

the haj essays

the haj essays Leon Uris has done an excellent job of presenting the drama covering the events leading up to the German holocaust and the formation of a new Jewish Israel. In Exodus, it is clear to see that Uris sympathizes with the Jewish people. However, he has given an accurate portrayal of the injustices encountered upon Jews throughout history. The treatment of Jews in worldwide ghettos, concentration camps, displaced persons camps, and in dealing with a United Jewish Nation, are horrendous. The reader sees the struggle not only through the eyes of a Jewish command leader, but also through the eyes of an American nurse who at first detests the country and what is happening in it. Throughout the story, the reader is led through important events, which shaped the makings of a downtrodden people who were un-willing to give up. The description of the living conditions of the pre-war ghettos, from the unruly anti-semantic mobs to the high taxations, was profoundly accurate in creating an image of destitution, which was un-able to crush the Jewish spirit. Once again, the world wide un-acceptance of Hitlers plans was publicized, however Uris went to other depths in recounting the own rejection displayed by Jewish people. Once the holocaust was ended however, Uris discerns how the English government, for political reasons, placed the survivors in horrible displaced persons camps almost parallel to the early German ghettos. This is today a little publicized fact, and the depth on which he unfolds a tale of the measures taken to suppress the rise of Judaism is astronomical. Once Israel is concluded to be, according to the UN, a Jewish nation, the Arab war, which breaks out, is shown to be a massive deception upon the common Arab. When hearing of the block of Judaism into Israel by the Arabs, it is assumed that the population as a whole threatened to put a stop to it. The political maneuvers displayed by the Arab leaders demonstra...

How to Use the French Expression NImporte Quoi

How to Use the French Expression N'Importe Quoi The French expression nimporte quoi,  pronounced  neh(m) puhr t(eu) kwa,  means literally no matter what. But in use, the sense is anything, whatever or nonsense. Nimporte quoi has a few different uses. Most often it means anything, as in: Je ferais nimporte quoi pour gagner.   Id do anything to win. Informally, nimporte quoi  or cest du nimporte quoi are used to convey  nonsense. A less literal translation would be What the heck are you talking about?! or the exclamatory Rubbish! Though not a perfect equivalent, nimporte quoi is also probably the best translation  for whatever, when its used as an expression of dismissal. Examples Ce magasin vend tout et nimporte quoi.   This store sells anything and everything.Nà ©coute pas Philippe. Il dit nimporte quoi.   Dont listen to Philippe. Hes talking nonsense. /  Hell say anything!Il ferait nimporte quoi pour obtenir le rà ´le. Hed do anything.  /  Hed go to any lengths to get the part.Tu dis vraiment nimporte quoi  ! Youre talking absolute nonsense !  Cest un bon investissement. Thats a good investment.Nimporte quoi  !  (familiar) Dont talk rubbish / nonsense !Je ferais nimporte quoi pour elle.  Ã‚  Id do anything for her.  Ã‚  Comme qualità ©, cest nimporte quoi.  Ã‚  Ã‚  In terms of quality / As for quality, its rubbish. Almost Famous Theres a well-known saying in French popular culture that goes:  Cest en faisant nimporte quoi, quon devient nimporte qui  (or ...que lon devient...). This expression means literally, Its by doing nonsensical things that you become nonsensical, but its better expressed as Its by doing anything that you become anyone, and its the motto of French prankster and video maker Rà ©mi Gaillard, who calls himself Nimporte qui. The phrase is a play on the French proverb Cest en forgeant quon devient forgeron (the equivalent of Practice makes perfect, but literally Its by forging that one becomes a blacksmith). Part of the NImporte Family of Expressions Nimporte quoi  is a popular  combining  form of the French indefinite expression  nimporte, which literally means no matter. It can be followed by an  interrogative pronoun  like quoi, an  interrogative adjective,  or an interrogative adverb in order to designate an unspecified person, thing, or characteristic. NImporte With Interrogative Pronouns Interrogative pronouns imply the question who, what, and which one, or qui, quoi, and lequel / laquelle / lesquels / lesquelles. These phrases can function as subjects,  direct objects, or  indirect objects. 1) Nimporte qui   anyone, anybody   Nimporte qui peut le faire.   Anyone can do it.Tu peux inviter nimporte qui.   You can invite anyone.Ne viens pas avec nimporte qui.   Dont come with just anyone.   2)  Nimporte quoi   anything Nimporte quoi maiderait.   Anything would help me.Il lira nimporte quoi.   Hell read anything.​Jà ©cris sur nimporte quoi.   I write on anything. 3) Nimporte lequel,  laquelle   any (one)​ Quel livre veux-tu  ?   Which book do you want?Nimporte lequel.   Any one. / Any of them.Aimes-tu les films  ?   Do you like movies?Oui, jaime nimporte lesquels.   Yes, I like any at all. Nimporte With  Interrogative Adjectives In this case,  nimporte  is combined with the interrogative adjectives  quel or quelle, which pose  the question what. This combined form produces  nimporte quel / quelle, which translates to  any.  Nimporte quel  is used in front of a noun to indicate a nonspecific choice, as in: Nimporte quel, quelle any Jaimerais nimporte quel livre.   Id like any book.Nimporte quelle dà ©cision sera...   Any decision will be... Nimporte with Interrogative Adverbs Here nimporte is combined with  interrogative adverbs that pose the questions  how, when, and where. These indicate that the how, when, or where is unspecified and are translated as: (in) any way, anytime, and anywhere. 1)  Nimporte comment   (in) any way   Fais-le nimporte comment.   Do it any way / any old way. (Just do it!)Nimporte comment, il part ce soir.   Hes leaving tonight no matter what. 2) Nimporte quand   anytime Ecrivez-nous nimporte quand.   Write to us anytime. 3) Nimporte oà ¹Ã‚   wherever, anywhere Nous irons nimporte oà ¹.   Well go wherever / anywhere.

Development of Computers and the impacts on society through the time Essay

Development of Computers and the impacts on society through the time - Essay Example Many use computers to search for information, read, send or receive emails, or even pay bills among others (Morley and Charles 53). Computers have influenced the quality and structure of work and some people believe that they have significantly contributed to the emergence of post-industrial society (Edwards 13). This paper focuses on the development of computers and how they have affected individuals’ lives and activities and the society as a whole. The word computer was first used in 1613 to describe a human who performed calculations and this definition remained the same until the end of 19th C when individuals began to realize that machines perform calculations faster and more accurately as compared to humans. The first electronic digital computer introduced in 1950’s used vacuum tubes, followed by the computers that used transistors (Jain 1). Notably, the first computing machine was created by British mathematician, Charles Babbage in 1882 and his great inventions made him to known as the father of the computer. He suggested and started developing the Difference Engine which is believed to be the first automatic computing engine that was able to compute various sets of numbers and producing hard copies of the results. Actually, his idea was not really to create what we refer to as computers but to create a machine that would compute mathematical problems. Babbage was fed up with human errors in computing math problem s and so he was focused to come up with an infallible math machine. Later on, he proposed the first general mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine, which became the first machine that resembles today’s modern computers. It could keep data safely and had some features used in today’s computer language. Moreover, basic concepts of the stored program computer were developed during this period (Hyman 164). The Analytical Engine comprised

Service recovery in consumer banking in China Dissertation - 1

Service recovery in consumer banking in China - Dissertation Example Moreover, the study also showed that the effectiveness of the same positively influenced the intention of the customers to stay with the banks (CUSTOMER LOYALTY). The importance of service recovery is usually taken into consideration when something in a service delivery goes wrong, Segelstrom and Howard (n.d.) discusses. Basically, the concept of service recovery is based on the fact that a company must take action to ensure that their customers or clients get the desired outcome notwithstanding the fact that the prior delivery has already failed. In addition thereto, it is through service recovery that the company in question rectifies their own processes in order to avoid the same mistake (Segelstrom and Howard n.d.). The importance of service recovery is usually the focus of researches within service management and service marketing (Bell and Zemke 1987; Bitner, Booms and Mohr 1994; Bitner, Booms and Tetreault 1990; Hart, Hesskett and Sasser Jr. 2000). According to the studies con ducted with respect to the said matter, service recovery is of paramount importance to the companies as the cost of attracting a new customer is significantly larger than retaining a new one (Bell and Zemke 1987; Hart, Heskett and Sasser Jr. 2000; Segelstorm and Howard n.d.). In addition thereto, researches conducted also pointed out that service failure and subsequent recovery positively affects the loyalty of the customers toward a certain company providing them with different kinds of services. The importance of service recovery was also discovered to be of paramount importance in financial institutions such as banks. In view of the same, this paper focuses on the analysis of service recovery and how it influences customer loyalty in banks.

Advertising strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Advertising strategies - Essay Example They may access the internet but locating Ads with ease and efficiency may be a difficult task. The development of print advertisement should be done with large prints in consideration that the elderly have poor vision or sight impairments. Sponsorship and partnership with relevant organizations are also required. For instance, funding activities in nursing homes and partnering with the institutions provide a significant marketing opportunity. The language or message used in the advertisement should have nostalgic features (Enis & Roering, 2012). The most effective type of exploratory research that should be used is depth interviews. In this approach, the questionnaire is developed in an open-ended way to increase the feedback depth of respondents (Shields & Rangarjan, 2013). In addition, the questionnaires objectives’ is not to develop a statistical result but rather a responsive feedback on the required marketing needs. The project would be more effective with the use of qualitative research. This is based on that; the bookstore is a new venture and acquiring the market perception and references would be more important that acquiring statistical data. The first step would be to locate a target market or relevant person likely to consume the provided services and products. Then development of open-ended would be done. The development of the questions should be based on the desires of the market and how the desires are relayed to the consumer (Shields & Rangarjan, 2013). The questionnaire would then be used in a depth interview

Sensory perceptions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sensory perceptions - Essay Example I will give facts on aspects that lead a person to believe another one’s view on the world and also describe factors contributing to accuracy of this sensory data. Analysing and discussing human development as a child and the child’s outside nurturing influences and how this is continued through to adulthood plays a major role in sensory perceptions. My goal in this paper is to research influences and factors that all contribute to the development of the brain that is the key instrument in interpreting situations , circumstances and experiences in the world. Mental Illness, trauma, and consumption of substances. I will also describe three factors that would influence the accuracy of sensory data and they will come under the headings of childhood positive verbal communication, childhood environment, individual beliefs. My final paragraph will bring the titles together and discuss the roles of natural and nurtured abilities that contribute in interpreting and the world. There are certain mental illnesses that can distort ones view or interpretation of the world â€Å"they have hallucinations ( actually seeing or hearing things that don’t exist) Trauma is said to be the causes losing connections in early brain development which can cause mental illness and an inability to form an accurate view of the world in adulthood â€Å"the brain is compromised of many regions... within each of these brain areas are millions of neurons or nerve cells, which send messages to each other across synapses... Because the brain operates on the â€Å" use it† or â€Å"lose it â€Å" rule an â€Å"over pruning† of these connections can occur

Qualitative research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Qualitative research - Assignment Example The results generated in the article on infertility are detailed, rich, and products of valid processes. The valid process is the ingredient of in-depth comprehension of the topic under investigation. A sample size of twenty participants remains reliable in terms of data generation with proper links to cause-and-effect relationships. Important in this context was the topic of choice. Comparatively, Vickers holds that physicians do not study nutrition as a science in the same way that nutritional therapeutics do. Therefore, physicians do not practice nutrition as part of conventional medicine. Conventional settings only allow dieticians to work with specific groups of patients. Such cases include obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular risk features, and swallowing problems as well as those with digestive problems. Physicians only extend nutritional interventions to the treatment of rare metabolic condition and those involving gross nutritional deficiencies. However, other nutritional interventions do not apply to conventional medical practices. Physicians end up categorising them as complementary medicine. The source highlights various examples of nutritional supplementation (Vickers 2001). They include The article on fertility was a product of a qualitative study that followed a phenomenological technique that explored experiences of infertile women in their sexual lives. On the other hand, the article on unconventional approaches to nutritional medicine highlighted, albeit qualitatively, the differences in the study of nutrition by physicians and nutritional therapeutics. The article identifies the variance in undertaking the study under conventional and unconventional settings. The article on infertility only sampled twenty participants. However, the article on unconventional approaches to medicine took the universal approach of collecting information across the globe from various sources under the

The American Economic System Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The American Economic System - Assignment Example In communism, the government owns almost all economic resources and the people work to contribute to the benefit of the society. Since the for governments in the command economies decide the products that will be produced, usually considering the need of the government only, the consumer has the greatest influence in the capitalist economy. The four economic questions are: what goods and services, and how much of each, will be produced; how will these goods and services be produced; for whom will these goods and services be produced; and who owns and who controls the major factors of production. In a free enterprise economy, the individuals or businesses are free to answer each question within the limit of the laws of the government. The consumer has a voice in answering these questions by demanding that specific products are offered. Without a demand, there is no production in a capitalist economy. The government simply looks out for the best interests of the consumer and ensures that competition can exist within each industry for businesses to grow and prosper. There are four types of competition that include perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly competition, and a monopoly. Perfect competition exists where there are many buyers and sellers of a product and no single buyer or seller is powerful enough to impact the price of the product. Monopolistic competition exists where there are many buyers and sellers, but the sellers all provide a similar product and using product differentiation to compete.   An oligopoly is a situation where there are few, very large sellers.   Although the number of competitors is low, it takes high investments to compete in this market.   Lastly, a monopoly is where there is only one seller and the seller is likely able to control the price of the product.  

Qualitative research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Qualitative research - Assignment Example The results generated in the article on infertility are detailed, rich, and products of valid processes. The valid process is the ingredient of in-depth comprehension of the topic under investigation. A sample size of twenty participants remains reliable in terms of data generation with proper links to cause-and-effect relationships. Important in this context was the topic of choice. Comparatively, Vickers holds that physicians do not study nutrition as a science in the same way that nutritional therapeutics do. Therefore, physicians do not practice nutrition as part of conventional medicine. Conventional settings only allow dieticians to work with specific groups of patients. Such cases include obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular risk features, and swallowing problems as well as those with digestive problems. Physicians only extend nutritional interventions to the treatment of rare metabolic condition and those involving gross nutritional deficiencies. However, other nutritional interventions do not apply to conventional medical practices. Physicians end up categorising them as complementary medicine. The source highlights various examples of nutritional supplementation (Vickers 2001). They include The article on fertility was a product of a qualitative study that followed a phenomenological technique that explored experiences of infertile women in their sexual lives. On the other hand, the article on unconventional approaches to nutritional medicine highlighted, albeit qualitatively, the differences in the study of nutrition by physicians and nutritional therapeutics. The article identifies the variance in undertaking the study under conventional and unconventional settings. The article on infertility only sampled twenty participants. However, the article on unconventional approaches to medicine took the universal approach of collecting information across the globe from various sources under the

Stem Cell Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Stem Cell - Research Paper Example The consent of donation of human stem cells includes difficult dilemmas in the process of derivation. The most important ethical issues related to delivery of stem cells are Informed and voluntary consent, Creation of embryos for research purposes, destruction of embryos, benefits and risks of experimental intervention, medical risks of oocyte retrieval and protecting women infertility treatment. Despite of tremendous promise of HESC research it has faced enormous opposition because harvesting of HESC destroys human embryo. The derivation of HESC requires the removal of the uttermost layer also known as the trophoblast. The development of the process is facing heated opposition because it involves an unethical stand against the killing of innocent human embryos. This research paper deals with the responses that arise from the thesis question. Human stem cell research has a great effect on the advancement of medical technology against deadly diseases. There are mainly two type of stem cells derived from human body; embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are isolated from blastocysts found in its inner cell mass. On the other hand adult stem cells are found in human body tissues. The production of adult stem cells has been very helpful in the past few years because it has helped in treatments like transplantation of bone marrows. There are several other uses of stem cells that have helped in proper evolution of medical technology in the world. Earlier stem cells were obtained by killing human embryos. There were several controversies related to the harvesting process of stem cells. Human embryos are part of human beings that is formed as a result of reproduction process. The harvesting process of stem cells hence was regarded as an unethical stand. In the present circumstances stem cell research is widely used for treatment of a number of diseases. The treatment of diseases like diabetes,

Impacts of a Borderless Society Essay Example for Free

Impacts of a Borderless Society Essay We live in a world where geographic boundaries cease to exist when it comes to goods, services, and even food. We think nothing of having freshly squeezed orange juice or kiwis for breakfast, even if we live in New York City with 10-inches of snow on the ground in the middle of January. We live in an age where everything and anything is available for consumption year-round at your local grocery store. Convenience comes with potentially major ecological and economic impacts that are both positive and negative. For example, the coffee you drink may come from beans imported from Columbia, the sugar you use may come from India, or the steaks you sear on the grill may have come from Argentina. How much fuel was spent transporting these products across the ocean? Were any pesticides used? If so, was it done in a sustainable fashion? Were forests cleared to make room for grazing herds or larger agricultural fields? These are just a few of the many questions we should be asking ourselves when we make our selections at the grocery store Explore the following resources in the Kaplan Library, along with the link from the United States Department of Agriculture, to learn more about the foods we rely on and the variety of ways in which we can acquire them. Roosevelt, M. (2006). The Lure of the 100-Mile Diet. Time, 167(24), 78. Cosier, S. (2007). The 100-Mile Diet. E: The Environmental Magazine, 18(5), 42. Cooper, C. (2007). 100 miles and counting. Food In Canada, 67(3), 7. Macpherson, C. (2007). You are where you eat. Ascent Magazine, (33), 46. Source: United States Department of Agriculture. (2012). The people’s garden. Retrieved from http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?navid=PEOPLES_GARDEN For this assignment, you will write an essay in which you analyze a meal provided to you by your instructor in the weekly announcement. Address the following questions as you write your assignment. †¢If you were to purchase each item at a local chain grocery store, where would these items be sourced? For example, where were the fruits, vegetables, and/or meats grown immediately prior to sale? Do not discuss the history or origin of the item i.e., â€Å"corn or maize originated in Mexico around 2500 BC.† †¢Discuss the events and methods of production that allowed your local grocery store to carry these items.What farming methods were likely used to grow these items and how do these methods impact the environment around the farms as well as the employees who work within these establishments †¢Were the items grown and shipped in from another country? †¢What types of processing and packaging must take place in order for you to be able to purchase the product? If you were to follow the suggestions shared within the articles provided above, where could you purchase the items (name specific local places within your community)? If a food item is not available locally, is there an alternative that you could use as a substitute? †¢Discuss the ecological and economic advantages and disadvantages of purchasing food items that are locally sourced versus those shipped from other areas of the country and from around the world. Use your textbook reading for this unit in order to explore the environmental impacts, and use these to further analyze the impacts our food purchases may have on the environment. †¢The food choices we make have the potential to generate both local and global impacts. This can be summarized in the phrase â€Å"Think Globally, Act Locally.† Based upon your analysis of the meal provided by your instructor for this assignment, discuss how the choices you make when planning and buying meals might change in the future and how your choices, when combined with those of others, can have a global impact. This essay should be a minimum of 1,000-words in APA style format. Provide appropriate citations and references for any information you use in this paper. Your paper should include a minimum of five sources. These can include those provided within the project directions and the course materials. Be sure to avoid copying and pasting large sections of text from any given source. For help with citations, refer to the APA Quick Reference. For additional writing help, visit the Kaplan University Writing Center and review the guidelines for research, citation and plagiarism: Kaplan Writing Center. (2012). Research, citation, and plagiarism. Kaplan University. Retrieved from: https://kucampus.kaplan.edu/MyStudies/AcademicSupportCenter/WritingCenter/WritingReferenceLibrary/ResearchCitationAndPlagiarism/Index.aspx Be sure your essay analysis is clearly written, uses correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling, and that the writing is well ordered, logical, unified, as well as original and insightful.

Social Work :: Graduate College Admissions Essays

Social Work    It was the shrill ringing of my pager that jarred me out of the deep sleep I had been enjoying. The clock beside my bed read 3:30 as I fumbled around in the dark, reaching for the insistent pager. As I saw the code that flashed on its tiny screen, my heart sank. I thought of the sleet that had been falling as I had fallen asleep a few hours before, and of the warmth of my cozy bed. The very last thing I wanted to do at that moment was to get up and go out in the cold. Unfortunately, there was little choice; I was the only Crisis Companion available during the week between Christmas and New Year. Within a few minutes, I was dressed and en route to the hospital to pick up a woman and her small children, on the run from an abusive husband, and take them to our shelter several miles out of town. As both a hotline operator and Crisis Companion for a community organization called Avalon, I had been trained to be an active listener, crisis counselor, and advocate for survivors of domestic v iolence and sexual assault. I thought of all the training I had received, as well as the passion which had driven and encouraged my work with Avalon, as I neared the emergency room of the hospital and prepared to meet my newest clients.    Every 15 seconds a woman is battered. 1 in 3 women and 1 in 10 men will be sexually assaulted during their lifetimes. 4 women in the United States are killed every day by their husbands or male partners. When I first heard these statistics in a Women's Studies course my Freshman year, I was astounded and thoroughly incensed. The more I read, the more committed I became to doing something which would bring about a positive change for survivors of sexual assault and domestic violence. It was then that I learned about and began working with Avalon, which was active on campus and in the community. Through its outreach programs, Avalon is dedicated to educating the community about the issues of sexual assault and domestic violence. It also offers a shelter, as well as advocacy and education, to survivors and their families.    As a volunteer for Avalon I have answered a crisis hotline, acted as a court advocate, helped clients apply for food stamps, and been on call in the hospital to work with women and children.

Pollution Essay examples -- Environment

Pollution Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment. It is a major problem in America and as well as the world. Pollution not only damages the environment, but damages us also. It has cause many problems ranging from lung cancer to the greenhouse effect. It is all among us but we continue to live in our own filth. What is the reason behind this flawed logic? In this paper I will examine the problems and solutions for this issue. Automobiles are undeniable the greatest source of pollution. The noise pollution created by cars is immense. Another polluting effect of cars is the heat it creates. This heat makes it unpleasant to be near the car while its running. And of course the most famous of the automobiles evils is the exhaust. The toxic fumes given off as a byproduct of the combustion engine are slowly deteriorating our lungs and our atmosphere. The exhaust is extremely toxic to human beings. But why do we do continue to drive these walking time bombs. Some people will say it is progress, but the majority drives it for the convenien...

Dynamic Open House

This summary is not available. Please click here to view the post.